
August 30, 2010 - Recent studies conducted at several universities aim to find out - and correct - why humans lose so much muscle mass and strength as they age. The study is backed by organizations such as the National Institute on Aging.
The New York Times recently released an article which discusses muscle loss and the elderly. Studies estimated that in 2000, the cost of disability caused by muscle loss, known as sarcopenia, was about $18.5 billion in direct medical bills. This was the equivalent of about 1.5% of the national health care expenditure that year.
Sarcopenia is a relatively new term coined for the natural loss of muscle tone, mass and strength as people age. By the time an adult reaches age 80 they typically have 30% less muscle mass than a 20-year-old. This condition of age-related muscle loss is being compared to the effects of osteoporosis on bones, where the loss increases with age.
In an era where the baby boomer generation is beginning to experience this condition, coupled with the fact that humans are living longer, geriatric specialists are trying to have sarcopenia classified and formally defined. This is so more extensive studies can be conducted.
A sarcopenia task force met in Rome in November 2009 and in Albuquerque, N.M., in July 2010 to develop the proposal for publication in a medical journal. Several drug and food companies supported the meetings.
Sarcopenia researchers say that the condition is often the reason so many seniors are classified as disabled and cannot live independently. Loss of mobility and strength give rise to more wheelchairs and the need to place elderly adults in assisted living facilities earlier than necessary. The assistance given to many elderly who suffer from sarcopenia is funded largely by Social Security disability benefits and other federal and state health programs.
Currently, sarcopenia is a condition without a defined treatment protocol, partially because there is no single cause. Doctors say the best preventive measures are to exercise regularly, particularly with resistance training. One of the main causes for muscle loss is inactivity, especially seen with bedridden patients. Diets rich in Vitamin D and protein have also shown to help elderly patients maintain muscle health.
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